Arduino Uno : Using "HC-SR501" to make motion-detecting sensors

What Will I Learn?

You will learn to use HC-SR501 module
You will learn how to integrate arduino uno and Sensor PIR HC-SR501
You will learn how to program arduino uno and HC-SR501 to make motion-detecting sensors

Project Introduction

Here is a tutorial arduino uno combined with PIR HC-SR501 sensor. HC-SR501 functions as an infrared transmitter and detects reflections (if there is an objeck nearby). When the prototype on the run, if you put something can move on the sensor or try to move your hand around the sensor and sensor will define the motion object and LED directly "ON" when detecting the motion , if no motion LED will be "OFF".

Requirements

Hardware

Arduino Uno
HC-SR501 Module
Jumper Wires Male To Male
LED
Resistor 220 Ohm
Breadboard
USB type A to B cable
Personal Computer (Laptop)

Component Description

Arduino Uno - is a Atmega32-based microcontroller board. Having many digital and analog pins, the arduino can be easily programmed via a computer or laptop with USB and is designed to facilitate electronic users in various fields. As open source he comes with 2 products namely Hardware Arduino Board and Arduino IDE software.

HC-SR501 Module - is a PIR sensor that is often used in microcontroller applications including arduino uno for the detection of an object on the monitor. HC-SR501 has 3 pin, 1 pin GND (-), 1 pin VCC (+) and Pin OUT. The HC-SR501 senses the object with the help of infrared reflection, which is emitted in a radius of angle of (110°) distance of 5-7 meters.

Software

Arduino IDE

Fritzing BETA

Difficulty

Basic

Tutorial Contents

Step 1 : Prepare All Parts

You can buy from online store or directly to the Electronics Shop

Step 2 : Build Circuit Architecture

Using the fritzing software, we will create our Circuit Architecture. Open The Fritzing Beta - choose BreadBoard.

Prepare Module

Open fritzing and prepare all part you need to make the Circuit Architecture , you can make the circuit with another program , like proteus, Tinkercad etc.

Choose BreadBoard On the Fritzing (You can see the Image)
Choose Arduino uno to the project , you can search or click the arduino Label

Prepare resistor (220 Ohm) and LED

Choose the LED to BreadBoard , you can search
Choose the Resistor (220 Ohm) to BreadBoard , you can search in the search box
Choose the HC-SR501 module , you can search in the search box

After you Prepare all the part now connect the module (LED & HC-SR501) on the breadBoard to the arduino board using the jumper wire. To add the wire just click the port and drag to another port.

Connect Pin GND (-) Arduino Uno to (-) LED
Connect Pin Number 13 Arduino Uno to (+) LED

Connect Pin GND (-) Arduino Uno to GND (-) to HC-SR501.
Connect Pin VCC (+) Arduino Uno to VCC (+) to HC-SR501.
Connect the "pin number 2" of the arduino uno board to "OUT" to HC-SR501.

Step 3 : Programing

Connect Arduino to the computer with USB .
Open the Arduino IDE > Chose your Board Type

first,initialize Variable you can use #int . . , #float . . , #double . . and #char . . in the case we will use #int . .


int pinLED = 13; 
int InPIR = 2; 
int stat = 0; 
int variable = 0;

The explenation of the coding :

int pinLED = 13; to initialize pinLED LED

int InPIR = 2; to initialize Vout PIR

int stat = 0; to initialize logical status

int variable = 0; to initialize temporary variable to accommodate the PIR variable

After Initialize, you Now Set Up the All PinMode void setup()


void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600); 
pinMode(pinLED, OUTPUT);
pinMode(InPIR, INPUT); 
}

In this step you will set up all command when the prototype start to begin. In the Project set Serial.begin(9600); As serial monitor , pin 2 as input and set pin 13 as output.

The explenation of the coding :

Serial.begin(9600); to set up serial monitor

pinMode(pinLED, OUTPUT); to set pin 13 as output

pinMode(InPIR, INPUT); to set pin 2 as input

Last program is void loop() everything about the system can be run continuously.

void loop(){
variable = digitalRead(InPIR);
if (variable == HIGH) &amp;&amp; (stat == LOW)) 
{ 
 digitalWrite(pinLED, HIGH); 
 Serial.println("Motion detected!"); 
 stat = HIGH; } 
else {
  if ((variable == LOW) &amp;&amp; (stat == HIGH)){
   digitalWrite(pinLED, LOW);
   Serial.println("Motion ended!");
   stat = LOW;
   }
 }

The explenation of the coding :

variable = digitalRead(InPIR); to Read The input from InPIR

if (variable == HIGH) && (stat == LOW)) to check if there is movement or motion

digitalWrite(pinLED, HIGH); to Turn On LED on The Breadboard

Serial.println("Motion detected!"); to Display "Motion detected!" To laptop

stat = HIGH; high so as not to detect continuously

digitalWrite(pinLED, LOW); to Turn Off LED on The Breadboard

Serial.println("Motion ended!"); to Display “Motion ended!” To laptop