Generally considered the Electro submersible Pumping (BES), as an artificial extraction system for large capacities in terms of extraction flow and depth of installation applicable to reservoirs that are under the influence of natural water push or water injection
ELECTRO SUBMERSIBLE OIL PUMP
The electro submersible pumping system (B.E.S) is an artificial lift system that uses electrical energy converted into mechanical energy to lift a column of fluid from a certain level to the surface, discharging it at a certain pressure. Electro sumergible pumping has proven to be an artificial system of efficient and economical production. In the oil industry, compared to other artificial production systems has advantages and disadvantages, because for various reasons can not always be the best, ie a good candidate to produce artificially with electro sumergible pumping, must meet characteristics that do not affect its operation such as high gas/oil ratios, high temperatures, the presence of sand in the fluids produced, which are factors with undesirable influences on rig efficiency.
Among the characteristics of the system are its ability to produce considerable volumes of fluid from different depths, under a wide variety of well conditions and particularly distinguished by that, the motor is directly coupled with the pump at the bottom of the well. The electric pump assembly works over a wide range of depths and volumes, its application is particularly successful when conditions are favorable to produce high volumes of liquids with low gas-oil ratios.
The BES is based on the use of centrifugal (multi-stage) subsoil pumps located at the bottom of the well, these are driven by electric motors. The BES has a range of capacities ranging from 200 to 9000 BPD, works at depths between 12,000 and 15,000 feet, the effective range is between 18 - 68% and can be used in both vertical and deviated or inclined wells. A typical BES unit is constituted at the bottom of the well by the components: electric motor, protector, inlet section, electro centrifuge pump and conductor cable. The superficial parts are head, surface cable, control board and transformer.
The electro sumergible pumping draws the fluid from the formation to the surface by the rotational action of a multi-stage centrifugal pump submerged in the well and powered by electric power that is supplied from the surface. This method of survey is considered effective and economical to produce large amounts of flow at medium and large depths and varied well conditions.
The method of artificial lift by Electrosumergible Pumping (BES) has as a fundamental principle to lift the reservoir fluid to the surface, through the centrifugal rotation of the electro submersible pump. The power required by said pump is supplied by an electric motor that is located at the bottom of the well; the electric current, necessary for the operation of said motor, is supplied from the surface and conducted through the power cable to the motor. The BES System represents one of the most automated and easy to improve artificial lifting methods and is made up of complex and high-cost equipment, which is why, for the proper functioning of the same, the application of effective tools for its supervision, analysis, and control. Its main advantage is that it really has almost no surface facilities except for an engine speed control. The motorization is exclusively electric and the motor is in the pump itself at the bottom of the well. These are energized with a shielded electric cable that goes parallel to the tubing and connects the power outlets on the surface with the pump. The motor itself is the pump. Its technology is the most complicated and expensive but they are preferred in case of having to raise large flows. The disadvantage is that they are difficult to install and their energization is not always highly reliable. As for the installation cost, it is the highest, but surface maintenance is minimal and limited to the electronic components of the variable speed drives and electrical protection.
