One way of checking for dodgy links is to check the URL itself, so this one for example the text reads www.steemiit.com, (which is obviously wrong), but when you click on it, it takes you to a totally different address.
Microsoft has written a short guide on Phishing Scams: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/safety/online-privacy/phishing-symptoms.aspx

Usually the devil is in the detail, phishing scammers tend to have a poor grasp of the english language, so spelling mistakes and errors are very common.

These days it's a good idea to try to use HTTPS wherever possible, I think Chrome and Firefox force HTTPS by default these days, but there are also plugins that'll do that for you.

If there's enough interest, I'll start writing an internet safety guide. Hope this helps! Peace!