TESTING OF FIELD DENSITY WITH SAND CONE

Hello steemians friend
Here I will tell you how to test the field with sand cone.
During my college majoring in civil engineering university malikussaleh lhokseumawe. I happened to go to college while working. My work at that time was at the civil engineering laboratory
I sometimes have the space to do sand cone testing where I get a lot of knowledge. Especially in the sand cone testing section, but we do not just sand cone but many other tests. But here it will only sand cone only.

**TESTING OF FIELD DENSITY WITH SAND CONE

Field density testing with sand cones on the ground is performed to determine the in-place density of the soil layer or compacted pavement.
The means herein are only limited to soils containing coarse granules of not more than 5 cm. The density of the field becomes a dry weight of content unity

**
Equipment used in sand cone testing

1. Bottle transpasan for sand with contents of approximately 4 liters.
2. The sand calibration funnel with a diameter of 16.51 cm.
3. Plate for sand funnel size 30,48 cm x 30,48 cm with hole diameter 16,51 cm.
4. Small appliances are: Hammer, spoon, brush, chisel, and equipment to search for moisture content.
5. One scales with a capacity of 10 kg accuracy to 1.0 grams.
6. One scales capacity 500 grams of accuracy to 0.1 grams.
7. Sand otawa / kuarsa Clean, dry and free-flowing sand does not contain a binder and graded by filter No. 10 (2 mm) and is retained on 200 (0.075 mm)

**Step by step testing sand cone

1. Determine contents of the bottle Weigh the tools (bottle + funnel = gram)
2. Put the tool with the bottle on the bottom,
3. open the faucet and fill it with clear water until full on the faucet.
4. Close the faucet and clean the excess water.
5. Weigh the water filled (gram). Water weight = contents of sand bottles.
6. Do it three times and take the average price of the three results. Differences in each measurement should not exceed 3 cm3.
7. Determine weight of sand content
8. Put the tool with the bottle on the bottom
9. sizing the funnel slowly with the sands otawa.
10. Wipe the faucet of the bottle until it is full and kept so long as the filling of the funnel is always at least half of it.
11. Cover the faucet clean the excess sand on the tap and weigh (w3 gram)
12. Determine the weight of sand in the funnel
13. Fill the bottle slowly with enough sand and weigh () grams.
14. Put the tool with the funnel underneath on the funnel plate, on a flat, clean base.
15. Open the tap slowly until the sand stops flowing.
16. Close the faucet and weigh the tool containing the remaining sand () grams.
17. Calculate the weight of sand in a funnel (). gram.
18. Determine the weight of the soil content
19. Fill the bottle with sand to taste
20. Flatten the ground surface to be examined.
21. Put the funnel plate on the flat surface
22. Get on with nails on all four sides Found on the plate
23. Dig a hole depth of 10 cm (not exceeding the thick solid expanse) All of the excavated soil is inserted into a container that is covered and already known the weight () and weigh the container together with the soil ().
24. Shoot tool with sand inside ().
25. Put the tool on the plate, the funnel down on the funnel plate and open the valve slowly so that sand into the hole.
26. After the sand stop flowing the faucet is closed again and weigh the tool with the rest of the sand (gram).
27. Give the ground a little from the tin for the determination of moisture content w%

**
Here is a test photo in the sand cone

boldCalculation of sand cone

Can be calculated by the following formula :

A. Bottle contents = content weight = (W2 - W1) cm3

B. The weight of the sand content = (Wa-W1) / (W2-W1) gram

C. The weight of sand in the funnel = (w4-w5) gram.

D. The weight of the sand content in the hole = (w6-w7) - (w4-w5) gram.

E. Fill the hole = (w10 / p) x Ve cm3

F. Soil weight = (W8 - w9) gram
Weight of soil content = (w8-w9) / we = gram / cm3.

G. Weight of dry contents of soil =

H. Degree of density in the field =

Reference :

1. https://googleweblight.com/?lite_url=https://lauwtjunnji.weebly.com/pengujian--sand-cone.html&ei=6EpH_xiu&lc=id-ID&s=1&m=611&host=www.google.com&ts=1519556930&sig=AOyes_SGxnJtt4qs98esqL8Lwcl9j1bwXw

2. http://www.ilmulabtekniksipil.id/2016/03/pengujian-kepadatan-lapangan-dengan.html?m=1

3. http://googleweblight.com/?lite_url=http://www.ilmusipil.com/cara-tes-sand-cone-tanah&ei=-IUJ8PN4&lc=id-ID&s=1&m=611&host=www.google.com&ts=1519557199&sig=AOyes_SkkmydKXRXGtNpKL3CM2hdF1yRUQ

4. https://googleweblight.com/?lite_url=https://lauwtjunnji.weebly.com/pengujian--sand-cone.html&ei=I-NX63T1&lc=id-ID&s=1&m=611&host=www.google.com&ts=1519557199&sig=AOyes_QeNvOT02IULsRGB5hFb5OnQ0Z_sA

5. https://googleweblight.com/?lite_url=https://aboutsoil.wordpress.com/test-project/sondir/sand-cone-test/&ei=HC1kHgz7&lc=id-ID&s=1&m=611&host=www.google.com&ts=1519557199&sig=AOyes_Q1b_uXGKnCrtwDgPJRk2epU0lfSg&lite_refresh=1519557717691

6. https://googleweblight.com/?lite_url=https://geezaliori20.blogspot.com/2017/04/sand-cone-test.html&ei=kaUCPHkp&lc=id-ID&s=1&m=611&host=www.google.com&ts=1519557199&sig=AOyes_ThnoQ_kExSVDt1HPi5xNjmz_H0Ig

7. http://googleweblight.com/?lite_url=http://sabenatamsis.blogspot.com/2015/12/sand-cone-test.html?m%3D1&ei=-zcUZ2RA&lc=id-ID&s=1&m=611&host=www.google.com&ts=1519557199&sig=AOyes_QMNw4jvHvZ5JxYrqNkzSjdd7HxfQ

8. http://ojs.ummetro.ac.id/index.php/tapak/article/download/138/114

9. http://googleweblight.com/?lite_url=http://www.academia.edu/10198226/Laporan_Praktikum_Sand_Cone&ei=fxbttRw2&lc=id-ID&s=1&m=611&host=www.google.com&ts=1519557199&sig=AOyes_QRHpLdn-TRvm1i1ai6Rv60R75USA

So, my writing today
May be useful for all friends
thank you

BEST REGARD @n4z4r