Source Material
Titanium is a strong and anti-corrosive metal, it also a transition metal so the people called it as Titanium Metal. Titanium Dioxide with chemical formula TiO2 is a combined compound of Titanium and Oxygen. Generally, titanium used as aluminum, molybdenum and vanadium to produce lightweight materials for flight equipment. This metal can be extracted by the Kroll and Hunter processes to produce Titanium Dioxide (extracted from leuxocene and ilmenite ore).
What is Titanium Dioxide ?
Titanium Dioxide is a common chemical compound used as semi conductor material and a pigment in paint, paper, and plastic manufacturing. It has three phases namely, anatase, rutile and brookite. Where the most photoactive and stable phase is anatase. The photoactive ability is admired by surface area, particle size and crystallinity. Anatase has an Eg value of 3.2 eV so it more effective than rutile and brookite. Therefore, Titanium Dioxide has a high refractive index (about n = 2,4) and sunlight resistant. TiO2 also has other forms such as rutile, where the crystals resemble anatase crystals, or octahedral-shaped crystals but have different arrangements. TiO2 (anatase) material is widely used as solar cell material and paint pigment as thin coating of Titanium Dioxide.
TiO2 applied as a self cleaning coating because it can react the impurities on the surface with the sunlight. Chemically, the reaction of TiO2 with the sunlight can be formulated as follow :
TiO2 + UV => e- + H+e- + O2 => O2-H+ + H2O +> HO- + H+H+ + OH- => HO-
When TiO2 exposed to the sunlight it will produce electrons (e-) and H+, both of them will react on the surface, where the electrons interact with oxygen and form O2, and H+ reacts with water (H2O) to form hydroxyl radicals (OH-).
Titanium Dioxide acts as a self-cleaning through two mechanisms, decompose the impurity by using ultraviolet and UV radiation causes the oxidation and resulting an adsorption on the surface (water absorption)
The Application of TiO2
In the era of nanotechnology, TiO2 used as UV Protection, because it has a high refractive properties and can reflect the sunlight. Therefore TiO2 utilized as a sunscreen. Some industries use the TiO2 as a pigment material, such as paint, plastics, and paper industries, and there are also some industries that utilized the TiO2 for manufacture of cosmetics, fiber, ink print, ceramic, glass and so on. In the cosmetic industry TiO2 is used as a sunscreen because it has high refractive index, The adsorption of UV by TiO2 minerals can prevent skin irritation, The particle sizeof TiO2 used in the cosmetic industry is about 30-40 nm. UV radiation is an electromagnetic spectrum that has a shorter wavelength than a light spectrum that are UVA with wavelengths of 320-400 nm and UVB 290-320 nm.
Conclusion
When someone hears the word about "Titanium" , which is depicted in his mind is a metal like aluminium or iron. But in chemistry, the form of metal can be change into another form when a substance reacts with another substance, such as a powdered Titanium Oxide that is applied to cosmetic and paint, which has a different function than metal base (in metal form of Titanium).
Source :
Titanium Dioxide and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Sunscreens
The another characteristic of Tio2 is conductive, this material is also use as material of DSSC (dye synthesized solar cell ) and coating material of intrinsic sensor.
of course, many industries use TiO2 with respectively function
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For the glasses that change opacity with the amount of light received, do they use TiO2?
Do you mean a layer coating ? Yep, but the most of the TiO2 layers of the glasses synthesised from TiCl4
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