Pharaoh wasn't angry. There was no pharaoh then. Herod was angry.

As to why Judas betrayed Jesus there are likely many reasons. Such as:

Judas didn't believe Jesus was the Messiah. He called him, "rabbi".

Judas wasn't a godly man. He stole money that was donated to Jesus' ministry.

Judas wanted a position with Jesus once Jesus set up his kingdom. Once it was clear that Jesus was going to die he agreed to betray him.