UNDERSTANDING LAND DOCUMENTS
A land document is a credential that shows the prove that you are the right person entitled to a land. Most times people are deceived especially the new bies on the issue of land document, but with this write up I think it might be an added advantage to people. Below are the land documents and explanation.
EXCISION
An Excision means basically taking a part from a whole and that part that has been excised will be recorded and documented in the official government gazette of that state. In other words, not having an excision means the land could be seized by the Government anytime without compensating you even if you bought it “Legitimately” from the Peter or the Original dwellers on the land.
GAZETTE
A Gazette is an Official record book where all special government details are spelt out, detailed and recorded A gazette will show the communities or villages that have been granted excision and the number of acres or hectares of land that the government has given to them. It is within those excised acres or hectares that the traditional family is entitled to sell its lands to the public and not anything outside those hectares of land given or excised to them. A Gazette is a very powerful instrument the community owns and can replace a Certificate of Occupancy to grant title to the Villagers.
A community owning a gazette can only sell lands to an individual within those lands that have been excised to them and the community or family head of that land has the right to sign your documents for you if you purchase lands within those excised acres or hectares of land. If the government based on some reasons best known to them decides to revoke or acquire your land, you will be entitled to compensation as long as it‟s within the Excised lands given to that community.
The best way to know whether a land is under acquisition or has an excision that has been covered by a Gazette is to get a surveyor to chart the site and take it to the surveyor general office to do a land information to confirm whether it falls within the gazette and spell out which particular location it can be foundations.
CERTIFICATE OF OCCUPANCY
A Certificate of Occupancy (C of O) issued by the a country Government officially leased the land to you, the applicant, for 99 years though depends on the country policy. All lands belong to the Government.
GOVERRNOR'S CONSENT (THOUGH DEPENDS ON THE COUNTRY)
So many Academicians, Lawyers and Intellectuals have tried to define what a Governor‟s Consent is and they end up confusing simple minded men like me with their Big Big Grammar, so am going to attempt to do the impossible by breaking its meaning down and how it operates under the law. A simple formula to follow is this. The first person on a Virgin Land that has neither been occupied neither by another person nor under acquisition by the Government is entitled to get a Certificate of Occupancy on that land.
If that person with the C of O decides to sell his land to another person after so many years, that person must now obtain the Consent of the Governor before that transaction can be deemed legal in the eyes of the Government. If the new buyer now decides to sell the land again to a third owner in future, that Third owner must also obtain a new Consent of the Governor before that transaction can be deemed legal in the eyes of the Government and the process continues every time the property changes hands to a new buyer. In other words, the first person on a land is the only person or group of persons entitled to obtain a Certificate of Occupancy.
Every subsequent buyer of that land must get a Governor‟s consent. There can only be one Owner of the Certificate of Occupancy on that Land and it will not be replicated for another person once the land has been sold or transferred to another person.
Below are some sample of land documents (All images from Google.com)
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