Information systems are a system consisting of people, tools, equipment or devices used to collect, organize, store and transmit information. These systems may be as simple as a calendar or memo, and may be as complex as a database system used in computers to manage vast amounts of information.
The emergence of information systems
Information systems emerged as a branch of computer science to understand and manage organizations and companies and then developed into major areas of management, research and various studies. It became a specialization in major universities and business schools around the world. Information and management became one of the five resources needed to form the institution. To human resources, raw materials, capital, machinery and equipment. Several companies have developed the organization's information systems, creating the position of head of the information department and making it an equally important position with the position of chief executive officer and chief operating officer because of its importance.
Types of Information Systems
With the development of industries and the advancement of technology, information and knowledge have become of great importance in the major industries and companies, so that they are familiar with the products that are distributed in the markets and how to deal with them and identify the requirements for selling and displaying them. Hence the great importance of information systems that are concerned with the development, use and management of infrastructure For IT in any organization, there are many different information systems, each of which has its own role in dealing with information, among which are: database management systems. Decision support systems. Realistic systems. Management information systems. Geographic Information Systems. Bibliographic information systems or information retrieval systems. Research and audit systems. Management Information Systems (MIS) are the most important information systems (MIS) that build computer technology systems that assist organizations in managing their business. They carry out office functions, accounting tasks and meetings, and contain information about the past and present of the Foundation's activities to help make decisions and approve budgets. Based on its feasibility study, the information systems contain main units, the most important of which are: Inputs: They are the names of employees and their numbers, the housing codes, the functional numbers, in addition to the working hours, and everything that can be entered within the system is considered Of inputs such as raw materials, the number of employees of the company, and the value of employees' salaries. Processes: Inputs are processed and acted upon using an electronic system or manual system. Outputs: After the process of data entry and operations, the process of extracting the final output from both processes and making appropriate decisions based on the above outputs. Feedback: A study of the previous three processes, finding strengths and weaknesses: the work of periodic reports suitable for the future development of information systems, giving better performance and less errors and improving the performance of employees.