Google has developed several generative AI tools, including a whole family of general purpose large language models (LLMs) which it’s branded Gemini (formerly Bard). It uses the technology to power AI chatbots, including to enhance web search. Underlying these consumer-facing AI tools is a Google LLM called PaLM2, which it launched last year at its I/O developer conference.

How Google developed this foundational AI model is what the Irish DPC says it’s investigating, under Section 110 of Ireland’s Data Protection Act 2018 which transposed the GDPR into national law.