Sort:  
  • Epidural hematoma → head trauma followed by brief loss of consciousness, then normal state (lucid interval), followed by new focal neurologic deficits (decreasing consciousness, ipsilateral pupil dilation, emesis) due to middle meningeal artery damage causing bleed and increased intracranial pressure; biconvex/lentiform shape of bleed on CT, with no crossing of suture line but can cross midline
  • PTSD → increased suicidal risk, so ask about suicidal or homicidal ideations, screen for drugs/alcohol, support system, openness to using a mental health provider, ask about head injury if physical trauma
  • Subdural hematoma → head trauma in elderly / patients on anticoagulation; shearing of cortical bridging veins; crescent shape bleed on CT, can cross suture lines but not midline
  • Diffuse axonal injury → head trauma with possible coma and increased intracranial pressure; CT shows focal hyperintensities
  • Cerebral parenchymal contusions → acceleration-deceleration injury (injury on both sides of brain); CT depends on area of injury but shows hyperdensities where bleed occurs
  • Carotid artery dissection → can be caused by blunt forces and present like a stroke (weakness, facial droop, abnormal speech) 12 hours after injury; typically diagnosed via CT angiography of neck