Part 9/11:

A critical misconception addressed is that exercise can "burn off" a bad diet. The speaker emphasizes that metabolic pathologies are driven by subcellular mechanisms—not merely caloric balance. Excess calories, especially from sugar, trigger processes like oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and impaired autophagy. While exercise helps with some of these, it cannot reverse all. Therefore, fixing the diet remains essential.

The "Hateful Eight" Subcellular Pathologies

The conversation further explores eight interconnected cellular pathologies responsible for chronic disease and aging:

1. Gygcation

2. Oxidative Stress

3. Mitochondrial Dysfunction

4. Insulin Resistance

5. Membrane Instability

6. Inflammation

7. Methylation Defects