Part 10/13:

Despite successes, many marine protected areas struggle with management issues. Limited funding, short-term political terms, lack of expertise, and weak enforcement hinder effective conservation. A notable case involves a protected area near Donsol where ongoing efforts are in place, but challenges remain in ensuring long-term sustainability.

Meanwhile, coastal development projects such as land reclamation, port expansion, and infrastructure construction threaten marine habitats. For example, in Manila Bay, dredging and reclamation have led to habitat loss, clean-up costs, and diminished fishing productivity. Local communities have expressed concern over these activities, which often proceed with insufficient consultation, leading to ecological degradation and economic hardship.