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Beyond climate challenges, global supply chain disruptions have inflamed the cost of essential agricultural inputs like fertilizers. The pandemic, the Russia-Ukraine conflict, and other geopolitical issues have led to volatile fertilizer prices, peaking in 2022. Farmers now face higher costs for maintaining soil fertility, which in turn affects the quality and quantity of coffee produced.

The Future of Indonesian Coffee: Challenges and Opportunities

Indonesia's coffee industry stands at a crossroads. While efforts to increase yields and adopt sustainable practices are underway, systemic issues persist. The country’s historical prominence in coffee production has waned due to low productivity and environmental constraints, falling behind competitors like Brazil and Vietnam.