Part 5/13:

Vietnamese trainees like Chang and W, who work in construction in Shisa City, exemplify this shift. Both have been working in Japan for years, honing their skills under the program, but their experiences reveal the underlying issues. Chang, who has been in Japan for five years, notes that while the work is demanding, the training has been valuable. Yet, many trainees pay heavy fees—sometimes up to 1 million yen ($7,000)—to participate, leaving them in debt even before they arrive.