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The innovation is embodied in a chip named Willow, which was demonstrated in a secure and protected environment. While the current version of Willow does not yet incorporate scalable or fault-tolerant architecture—a key requirement for widespread commercial use—this demonstration is a crucial step forward.

Expert opinion from the academic community highlights that achieving fault-tolerance remains a significant challenge. Error correction in quantum systems is complex, but progress has been made: Google's team announced last December that they successfully demonstrated error correction on the Willow chip, maneuvering towards more reliable quantum hardware.