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Boltzmann's contribution to this discourse came during a time when the atomic theory was contentious, with many eminent scientists doubting the existence of atoms. His relentless quest for acceptance lasted nearly four decades before he gained recognition as one of Austria's great scientific minds. Despite his brilliance, Boltzmann's life was marked by emotional extremes, with periods of profound depression. This psychological struggle was exacerbated by professional challenges including criticism of his work and health issues, eventually leading to his tragic suicide in September 1906.