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MBS's Vision 2030 is crucial to understanding Neom's foundation. As the world's leading oil exporter, Saudi Arabia faces a looming challenge; the inevitability of a global economy that will eventually rely less on fossil fuels could render its oil wealth diminished. Thus, Vision 2030 is conceived as a multifaceted strategy that utilizes oil revenue to diversify its economy, including high-tech investments, sports, and an alluring futuristic city that serves as a commercial hub.