Part 3/10:

The effective study of the fourth dimension will be approached from a mathematical view rather than a physical one. Questions surrounding its existence in the physical realm are deemed irrelevant here. Instead, we will treat the fourth dimension as an abstract concept essential for comprehending various phenomena in physics and mathematics.

Defining Dimensions

To get started, we first need to establish a clear understanding of dimensions. A point represents zero dimensions, while a line segment embodies one dimension—length, positioned on a single axis like the x-axis. Moving up another level, flat shapes such as squares reside in two dimensions encompassing length and width within a two-dimensional plane defined by x and y axes.