Part 2/11:

At the core of the discussion on entropy is the Second Law of Thermodynamics, which states that the total entropy of a closed system can only increase over time. This principle forms a fundamental law of nature, akin to the conservation of energy. As we observe our surroundings, we might notice entropy at every turn—the gradual decay of matter, the cooling of a hot cup of coffee, and even the eventual collapse of civilizations are all manifestations of this universal tendency toward disorder.