Part 2/8:

Brazil declared its independence from Portugal on September 7, 1822, a date that holds monumental significance in Brazilian history. The complex journey to independence began with the Napoleonic invasion of Portugal in 1807, forcing the Portuguese royal family to relocate to Brazil. This transformed the colony into the capital of the Portuguese Empire for a period of time. However, by 1821, political tensions arose, leading to a call for the return of King João VI to Portugal, leaving his son, Dom Pedro, in charge.