That future in which a technology capable of providing sustainable and practically unlimited clean energy without the hazardous waste of conventional nuclear power plants is a little closer thanks to an ambitious collaboration between the governments of the United States and the United Kingdom and Tokamak Energy Ltd, a company leader in innovation in the field of nuclear fusion.
The $52 million collaboration marks a decisive step toward building a nuclear fusion pilot plant, at the center of this initiative is the ST40 fusion experimental facility, which will undergo a Revolutionary upgrade.
By coating its inner wall with Lithium, a technique designed to achieve ideal sustained fusion conditions, Tokamak Energy Ltd's ST40 spherical Tokamak Energy Ltd has achieved impressive results in recent years including plasma temperatures six times higher than the core of the sun (approximately 15 million degrees Celsius °C), now under this new collaboration it will be used to test and perfect fusion technologies that could pave the way to the first pilot plant.
The ST40 mission goes far beyond a simple scientific experiment, “we are advancing fusion science and technology for spherical Tokamak and for the entire industry with the common goal of providing fusion energy to the world”, for the uninitiated You may wonder what makes nuclear fusion so Revolutionary. The answer is that unlike fission, which is the basis of conventional nuclear energy, fusion does not involve the splitting of atoms but rather the joining of atomic nuclei.
This process, the same one that powers the sun, releases a colossal amount of energy without emitting greenhouse gases or producing the long-lasting radioactive waste associated with traditional nuclear plants. The key to this energy transformation lies in achieving three simultaneous conditions within the fuel. plasma, extremely hot particles sufficient density and heat retention for a long time.
To this end, the ST40 project will explore the most recent advances in confinement magnets, a technology that promises to make fusion devices more compact, efficient and potentially cheaper. The collaboration with the United States and the United Kingdom is a demonstration that both countries recognize the urgency of investing in innovative technologies to face global energy challenges.
The ST40 project is scheduled to begin in 2025 with funding divided between the three partners. If successful it will pave the way towards the creation of a nuclear fusion pilot plant, bringing humanity closer to an inexhaustible and environmentally sustainable energy source; Behind the numbers and complex technologies, what is at stake is something much greater, the possibility of transforming humanity's relationship with energy and by extension with the planet and perhaps even with what lies beyond it.
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