Isn't the quarterly stuff due to some US (tax) laws or something? In Germany "capitalists" are criticising that and being short-sighted is not inherently capitalist, it's just being short-sighted.
To me, true "long term capitalism" is always having win-win-situations in mind when doing business, because you simply can't fool people indefinitively. And as an anarchocapitalist in the "austrian" tradition, I blame the government for destroying the time-preference structure. People tend to try to get as much as they can as quick as they can, because people feel the ship is sinking soon anyway, so why care for the long term?
My impression is, that this phenomenon is worse in the US, but I don't know why. The "worst" (as in short-sighted and ruthless and dishonest) salespeople I've met in my life where Americans. On the other hand, the brightest and most visionary entrepreneurs I met are Americans as well. So maybe the US is just more extreme on both sides?