Scientific are working on various applications of spectroscopy in low resource settings. So, what that means is using optical technology to really understand the chemical makeup of different materials,” my once upon the time will be talk about earth soil and benenit from it, what do i mean by that? I simply mean agricultute.

One material farmer looks at is soil -- soil that farmers need to grow crops, to feed families, and sell at markets. Soil composition is important for producing bumper crops year after year.

“The idea here is when people understand what’s in their soil -- so, they know, you know, nitrogen, phosphorous, carbon, and all of those good things -- then they can get dramatic improvements in their crop yields by using the right kind of fertilizer that’s matched exactly to their soil,”

It turns out that fertilizers don't always work the way they should to help improve crops.

“For example, one of the fertilizers that has been recommended by governments over the years, without knowing what the soil is like, actually has been making certain soils very acidic to the point where, you know, additional fertilizer doesn’t help because the soil is too acidic.

So, the idea here is by bringing the testing to farmers with much lower cost devices, then the productivity by small farmers can be boosted and they can improve their incomes and therefore their livelihoods.

When farmers in places like sub-Saharan Africa cannot grow enough food, many resort to deforestation or using land not suited for crops. The result has been problems with soil erosion and poor nutrients within soil. Keller wants to help them farm more sustainably and reliably.

“We can basically input the spectral data, which can tell you, you know, how much of the soil is acidic in order to pre-determine what type of fertilizer will be good for farm land.

Thanks to science and technology, alot of agriculture products was been damaged by insects, and animals, but few years back farm has been recorded a tremendous achievement from their farm land by making use of insecticides to kill those insect ought to destroy their harvest and also pesticides was been use to control pest in the farm field in order for farmer to make huge profit.

Storage facilities is one of the major problems farmers are facing in sub-sharan Africa, but with help from science finding the situation has been dramatic change, lots of agriculture products always wasted and loss due to poor storage facilities, now farmers can stored agriculture products under minimal period to be used when the season of such agriculture products passsed.

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