HIVE: Selective breeding project - aquatic animals! - Join and contribute in creating a new line of an aquatic pet :O

in #aquarium2 years ago

This below is an invitation to an adventure. An exciting science project that we can do together.

Fish Selective Breeding

A short intro

I am starting a breeding project to develop a line for one of the 'easy to keep' aquatic animals. I am happy to make it a community project and I invite you all to provide input on what would you like to see me do, which species to develop, overlook the process and generally, let's have fun with it together. If enough of you are interested, I'll start making videos documenting the process.

I've created mini-documentaries before on a variety of subjects, most recently in polish, a mini series on less known native north European freshwater aquatic species. Below is a highlight of one of the more gruesome episodes I recorded at home.
https://www.tiktok.com/@pan.akwariusz.prewetka/video/7124742951854427397

The plan is to:

  1. Select the species
  2. Do an in-depth research on that species, including diving deep in any available scientific papers, blogs, videos and other sources (this could make a fun video)
  3. If it's still a right fit, start thinking about traits - such as obvious visual traits, tolerance to different conditions, moving towards slightly different types of foods, specific life span, attitude, etc
  4. Prepare the breeding program
  5. Research and create the habitats that will favor for selected traits
  6. Iterate until results are satisfying or until feasibly possible
  7. Conclude and summarize
  8. If it was success name and release the new line into the market

If you want to get straight to the juicy details, skip the A little perspective... and go to This is the first post of a series. The research. section ;)
However, I'm pretty sure if you're a fellow naturalist, you can find all of this relatable.

A little perspective...

I've owned pets since I remember, throughout my life we've kept some more and less exotic animals at my home.
Personally I love animals and plants and all the life forms, I'm very much into biology, genetics and generally science, but zoology and nature have very special place in my heart.

Since I was a few years old I was fascinated by observing and studying wildlife, eventually at the age of 13 I was properly introduced to the subject by Gerard Durell's: The Amateur Naturalist. And to this day I'm running all kinds of projects including breeding, research, observation, creation of general and specialized habitats for a variety of species. In the last 10-12 years I worked mainly with aquatic and semi-aquatic fauna and flora. Eventually I started creating a full self-sustainable ecosystems with microbes, bacteria, fungi, small crustaceans, mollusks, worms, plants, and an occasional fish, which became one of my main interests. I'm not heavy on larger life forms - when you look a little bit closer, so much is happening in my tanks even if there are just a few extremely happy fish swimming here and there.

I also dabbled in selective breeding and in 2017 and 2018 had great success with Siamese fighter fish. Having an engineering background in science, I've spend several days researching and reading everything about it's genetics, mechanisms of inheritance, different layers of pigment in the skin, types of fins and ways in which crosses express, and so much more.
After all the research and after preparing the fish tanks, I went to the store, and knew exactly which traits I was looking for.
In bettas some traits will always dominate, and some will always be dominated. Having only traits that don't show easily allows simultaneously other 'shy' traits to show up.
For the Female - I was looking for as many most recessive traits as possible, paired with well shaped body and confident, curious character.
For the Male I also focused on keeping an eye on recessive traits and not allowing any highly dominant traits to sneak in, but at the same time, I was selecting profiled also towards specific traits I desired, such as high amounts of iridescent(complex inheritance based on multiple factors, including other layers of skin), light body color(recessive), no blue and red hues (most common, very dominant), short thick fins(recessive), very athletic shape.
I made sure to get a bit older fish as shows good genetics and lack of adulthood syndromes and deformations (such as overgrow of pigmented patches of skin, causing color 'spillage' to places where it shouldn't be).
I've considered so many factors that if I listed them out this would be an article about breeding betta splendens and you can see a mere part of my compiled research here, on how different types are genetically related.
https://steemit.com/animals/@wellwild/betta-fish-variety-types-colors-and-patterns-full-chart

So there I was at the large betta section of Pets at Home in front of a large female tank. The females don't display as pronounced colors and traits as males and are often difficult to tell apart, they all seemingly looked like nothing special, almost identical to each other, but in fact a few in there were very slightly different, lacking some accents I've learned to be indicators of these dominant traits I wanted to avoid at all costs. For the males I want to the section with their bit older fish that are on sale. I found a gorgeous iridescent half moon veil tail male for 35 quid, down from 50 and took him home with two pale slightly iridescent girlfriends.
I crossed him twice first to one female and then to the second one and boy their spawns was some of the most beautiful bettas I've seen. It was far from being a line, as each fry looked very different, showing all the different hidden genetics that were in these parents. A few of the offspring managed to look semi-common in terms of fin shape and coloration, but large majority of these babies was a great really unique candidate to start a new line.
I was shocked by how good the result was and by the quality of the fish. I raised them into juveniles, totaling 24, kept them for a while and eventually after moving to Stratford and being able to only keep one large tank, I've given away all but one special fish with dark fins albino body and eyes and semi transparent azure iridescence. You can still find it on my Instagram profile (if you know me, it's private. But I can post here upon request). I parted my way with this fish when I was going for an Eurotrip in 2019 giving it away together with it's 200l tank.

Now, years later, I'm doing my ecosystems again and encouraged by these results, I thought, let's do a breeding project. Develop our own line, and document everything here. Perhaps a different species than betta splendens, but I'm open minded.

This is the first post of a series. The research.

Below you'll find the compilation of the species I consider to selectively breed and the relevant information I compiled about them.
I'm looking at the species that are easy and fast to breed with variety of traits to select from while making my own line.
This approach can possible exclude some of the more interesting species, but it's a research project and the chosen method is aimed at amplifying the effects of selective breeding, by being able to iterate through multiple generations quicker.

This is a copyright material and took several hours to make, so if you want to reuse it, please vote up and mention me in the attribution.

Name: Guppies (Poecilia reticulata)

Guppies (Poecilia reticulata)
Water requirements: Freshwater, temperature range of 18-30°C (64-86°F), pH range of 6-8, and a water hardness of 5-19 dGH.
Adult size: 2-4 cm (0.8-1.6 inches)
Lifespan: 2-3 years
Time until adulthood: 2-3 months
How often can reproduce: Guppies can breed continuously and females can carry several batches of fry at a time.
How many offspring are born: A female guppy can give birth to 20-100 fry per litter and can produce multiple litters per month.
Additional information about available variety: Guppies have a wide variety of colors and patterns, making them a popular choice for selective breeding.
Information about its natural habitat: Guppies are native to South America and are found in freshwater streams and rivers.
Information about other wild closely related species that could be researched for potential crossbreeding: Closely related species include Poecilia wingei and Poecilia latipinna
Other notes: Guppies are a hardy species that are easy to breed and adapt well to different water conditions. They can be kept in a community tank with other peaceful fish and snails, and are suitable for beginners.

Name: Chinese Mystery Snail (Cipangopaludina chinensis)

Chinese Mystery Snail
Water requirements: Freshwater, temperature range of 15-30°C (59-86°F), pH range of 6.5-8, and a water hardness of 5-19 dGH.
Adult size: Up to 8cm (3 inches)
Lifespan: 2-3 years
Time until adulthood: 6-12 months
How often can reproduce: Chinese Mystery Snails can breed continuously and can produce multiple clutches of eggs per year.
How many offspring are born: A female Chinese Mystery Snail can produce up to 1000 eggs per clutch.
Additional information about available variety: Chinese Mystery Snails come in a variety of colors, including yellow, brown, green, and black.
Information about its natural habitat: Chinese Mystery Snails are native to Asia and are found in freshwater rivers, lakes, and ponds.
Information about other wild closely related species that could be researched for potential crossbreeding: Closely related species include Viviparus viviparus and Viviparus malleatus.
Other notes: Chinese Mystery Snails are hardy and adapt well to different water conditions. They are known for their fast reproduction rate and are relatively easy to breed in captivity. They are also known to consume a variety of food items including algae, detritus, and aquatic plants.

Name: African Dwarf Frog (Hymenochirus sp.)

African Dwarf Frog
Water requirements: Freshwater, temperature range of 20-26°C (68-79°F), pH range of 6.5-8, and a water hardness of 5-19 dGH.
Adult size: Up to 7cm (2.8 inches)
Lifespan: 2-4 years
Time until adulthood: 2-4 months
How often can reproduce: African Dwarf Frogs can breed continuously and can produce multiple clutches of eggs per year.
How many offspring are born: A female African Dwarf Frog can produce up to 50 eggs per clutch.
Additional information about available variety: African Dwarf Frogs come in a variety of colors and patterns, making them a popular choice for selective breeding.
Information about its natural habitat: African Dwarf Frogs are native to Central and West Africa, found in freshwater rivers, streams and ponds.
Information about other wild closely related species that could be researched for potential crossbreeding: Closely related species include Hymenochirus boettgeri, Hymenochirus curtipes
Other notes: African Dwarf Frogs are hardy and adapt well to different water conditions. They are known for their fast reproduction rate and are relatively easy to breed in captivity. They are also known to consume a variety of food items including algae, detritus, and aquatic plants. They are known to be peaceful and good for community tanks.

Name: Ghost shrimp (Palaemonetes sp.)

Ghost shrimp (Palaemonetes sp.)
Water requirements: Freshwater, temperature range of 18-30°C (64-86°F), pH range of 6.5-8, and a water hardness of 5-19 dGH.
Adult size: Up to 5cm (2 inches)
Lifespan: 1-2 years
Time until adulthood: 2-3 months
How often can reproduce: Ghost shrimp can breed continuously and can produce multiple clutches of eggs per year.
How many offspring are born: A female Ghost shrimp can produce up to 100 eggs per clutch.
Additional information about available variety: Ghost shrimps come in a variety of colors and patterns, making them a popular choice for selective breeding.
Information about its natural habitat: Ghost shrimps are found in freshwater rivers, streams and ponds across North America.
Information about other wild closely related species that could be researched for potential crossbreeding: Closely related species include Macrobrachium sp.
Other notes: Ghost shrimps are hardy and adapt well to different water conditions. They are known for their fast reproduction rate and are relatively easy to breed in captivity. They are also known to consume a variety of food items including algae, detritus, and aquatic plants. Ghost shrimps are known to be peaceful and good for community tanks.

Name: Neon Tetra (Paracheirodon innesi)

neon tetras
Water requirements: Freshwater, temperature range of 22-28°C (71-82°F), pH range of 6.0-7.5, and a water hardness of 2-12 dGH.
Adult size: Up to 3.5cm (1.4 inches)
Lifespan: 2-3 years
Time until adulthood: 2-3 months
How often can reproduce: Neon Tetras can breed continuously and can produce multiple clutches of eggs per year.
How many offspring are born: A female Neon Tetra can produce up to 150 eggs per clutch.
Additional information about available variety: Neon Tetras are known for their bright neon coloration, making them a popular choice for selective breeding.
Information about its natural habitat: Neon Tetras are native to the tributaries of the Amazon River in South America.
Information about other wild closely related species that could be researched for potential crossbreeding: Closely related species include Paracheirodon simulans and Paracheirodon axelrodi.
Other notes: Neon Tetras are hardy and adapt well to different water conditions. They are known for their fast reproduction rate and are relatively easy to breed in captivity. They are also known to consume a variety of food items including algae, detritus, and aquatic plants. Neon Tetras are known to be peaceful and good for community tanks.

Name: Zebra Danio (Danio rerio)

Zebra Danio (Danio rerio)
Water requirements: Freshwater, temperature range of 15-26°C (59-79°F), pH range of 6.5-7.5, and a water hardness of 5-19 dGH.
Adult size: Up to 5 cm (2 inches)
Lifespan: 2-3 years
Time until adulthood: 3-4 months
How often can reproduce: Zebra Danios can breed continuously and can produce multiple clutches of eggs per year.
How many offspring are born: A female Zebra Danio can produce up to 500 eggs per clutch.
Additional information about available variety: Zebra Danios come in a variety of colors and patterns, making them a popular choice for selective breeding.
Information about its natural habitat: Zebra Danios are native to the rivers and streams of India and Bangladesh.
Information about other wild closely related species that could be researched for potential crossbreeding: Closely related species include Danio albolineatus and Danio choprae.
Other notes: Zebra Danios are hardy and adapt well to different water conditions. They are known for their fast reproduction rate and are relatively easy to breed in captivity. They are also known to consume a variety of food items including algae, detritus, and aquatic plants. Zebra Danios are known to be active and good for community tanks.

Name: Siamese Fighting Fish (Betta splendens)

Betta splendens
Water requirements: Freshwater, temperature range of 25-30°C (77-86°F), pH range of 6.0-7.5, and a water hardness of 2-10 dGH.
Adult size: Up to 7 cm (2.8 inches)
Lifespan: 2-3 years
Time until adulthood: 4-6 months
How often can reproduce: Siamese Fighting Fish can breed continuously and can produce multiple clutches of eggs per year.
How many offspring are born: A female Siamese Fighting Fish can produce up to 100 eggs per clutch.
Additional information about available variety: Siamese Fighting Fish come in a variety of colors, patterns, and fin types, making them a popular choice for selective breeding.
Information about its natural habitat: Siamese Fighting Fish are native to the rice paddies and canals of Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia.
Information about other wild closely related species that could be researched for potential crossbreeding: Closely related species include Betta imbellis and Betta mahachaiensis.
Other notes: Siamese Fighting Fish are territorial and should be kept in individual tanks or with only one male per tank. They are known for their aggressive behavior and should not be kept with other aggressive fish. They are known for their fast reproduction rate and are relatively easy to breed in captivity. They are also known to consume a variety of food items including algae, detritus, and aquatic plants. Siamese Fighting Fish are known to be aggressive and not suitable for community tanks.

Few words before I'm gone to do more work

Make sure to let me know if you spot any errors, there were a number of sources and places I had to go through to piece this information together.

Let's consider if we want to go for one of these species, or something different altogether.

Let's consider what we need to consider.

Suggestions from comments will be considered in future edits.

I have an ability to do it, all the conditions and the necessary funds. We can create something new. :))

Finally this post, cost over 6usd to write :) I had to top my hive power up especially for it
"wellwild has 27664949162 RC, needs 28934695486 RC."
so every vote up is appreciated and converted straight to hive power. :)

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