Really great article on dialectics... As a big fan of German philosophy, I really enjoyed the way you framed this article. I would recommend checking out Jurgen Habermas or Rainer Forsts' work on discourse theory, where they both make compelling arguments about how literal discourse ought to be the manner that individuals interact with other individuals (and with institutions- or collective efforts of individuals). Forst, in particular, is interesting because a lot of his work attempts to reconcile continental critical theory with classical liberalism of anglo-american philosophy. Reading through them lead me to a train of thought similar to what you outlined in your argument.

Fair discourse between individuals is the only way to progress dialectical thought, also as Forst argues: it takes the argument away from the realm of idealism and forces it into realism; since if party A is of a differnt ideological background than party B; party A's ideological claims will be disregarded by party B and vice versa; forcing both parties to argue on a mutual grounds of realism.